Showing posts with label ASCII. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ASCII. Show all posts

AI Glossary - What Is ARPAbet?



The English language phenome set is encoded in ASCII as ARPAbet.

The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) created ARPABET (sometimes written ARPAbet) as part of their Speech Understanding Research initiative in the 1970s. 


It uses unique ASCII letter sequences to represent phonemes and allophones in General American English. 

Two methods were developed: one that represented each segment with one character (alternating upper- and lower-case letters) and the other that represented each segment with one or two (case-insensitive). 

The latter was significantly more commonly used. 


Computalker for the S-100 system, SAM for the Commodore 64, SAY for the Amiga, TextAssist for the PC, and Speakeasy from Intelligent Artefacts, all of which utilized the Votrax SC-01 speech synthesiser IC, have all used ARPABET. 

The CMU Pronouncing Dictionary also uses it. 

In the TIMIT corpus, an updated version of ARPABET is employed.



The ARPABET: one of many possible short versions

ARPABET
Vowels
Consonants
Less Used Phones/Allophones
Symbol
Example
Symbol
Example
Symbol
Example
iy beat b bad dx butter
ih bit p pad el bottle
eh bet d dad em bottom
ae bat t toy nx (flapped) n
aa cot g gag en button
ax the k kick eng Washington
ah butt bcl (b closure) ux
uw boot pcl (p closure) el bottle
uh book dcl (d closure) q (glottal stop)
aw about tcl (t closure) ix roses
er bird gcl (g closure) epi (epinthetic closure)
axr diner kcl (k closure) sil silence
ey bait dh they pau silence
ay bite th thief
oy boy v very
ow boat f fief
ao bought z zoo
s see
ch church
m mom
n non
ng sing
w wet
y yet
hh hay
r red
l led
zh measure
sh shoe



~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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