AI Glossary - arboART.

 


arboART is a hierarchical agglomerative ART network.

Each layer's prototype vectors are fed into the following layer.


 

References:

 

  1. http://www.wi.leidenuniv.nl/art/
  2. ftp:://ftp.sas.com/pub/neural/FAQ2.html

~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

AI Glossary - Approximation Space.

 


In rough sets, the pair of the dataset and an equivalence relation is known as Approximation Space.


~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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AI Glossary - Apple Print Recognizer Or APR.

 



The Apple Print Recognizer (APR) is a handwriting recognition engine that comes standard with the eMate and subsequent Newton computers.

To recognize printing and handwriting, it employs an artificial neural network classifier, language models, and dictionaries.

A neural net classifier was used to segment and classify stroke streams.

The probability vectors generated by the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were then employed in a language model-driven content-driven search.


Related Terms:

Artificial Neural Network.


~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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AI Glossary - Apoptosis.

 


Apoptosis is the genetically planned demise of cells.


Related Terms:

genetic algorithms.


~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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AI Glossary - AND Versus OR Nondeterminism.

 



In logic programs, do not define the sequence in which AND and "A if B" propositions are evaluated.

This may have an impact on the program's ability to discover a solution, especially if one of the branches being analyzed is rather long.


Related Terms:

Logic Programming.



~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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AI Glossary - And-Or Graphs.

 



A graph depicting the connections between the components of a decomposable issue.


Related Terms:

Graph.


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AI Glossary - Ancestral Ordering.

 


Because Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) lack directed cycles, it is possible to establish a linear ordering of the nodes in which any descendents of a node follow their predecessors in the node.

On the internet, this may be utilized for probability propagation.


Related Terms:

Bayesian networks, graphical models.


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AI Glossary - Analytic Model.

 



A framework and procedure for evaluating and summarizing a database in Data Mining.

A Classification And Regression Trees (CART) model may be used to categorize new data, or a regression model can be used to predict new values of one (set of) variable(s) given another set of variables.


Related Terms:

Data Mining, Knowledge Discovery in Databases.


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AI Glossary - Analogy

 


A process of thinking or learning in which the present situation is compared to prior circumstances that are comparable in some way.


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AI Glossary - Ambler.

 


Ambler was a self-contained robot created for planetary exploration.

It was capable of traversing even the most difficult terrain.

It had many on-board computers and was capable of planning thousands of steps ahead of time.

It was never used because of its enormous size and weight.



Related Terms:

Sojourner. 


References:

https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/tdm/telerobotics/index.html


~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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AI Glossary - AM.


Douglas Lenat created AM, a knowledge-based artificial mathematical system, in 1976.

The approach was created to produce intriguing basic mathematical topics.



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AI Glossary - Alpha-Beta Pruning.

 


Alpha-Beta Pruning is a pruning (or shortening) method for a search tree.

System that construct trees of potential movements or actions utilize it.

When it can be shown that a branch of a tree cannot lead to a solution that is any better than a known excellent solution, it is trimmed.

A tree keeps track of two values termed alpha and beta as it grows.


~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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AI Glossary - Allele.

 


A gene's value is determined by its allele.

A binary gene has two values: 0 or 1, while a two-bit gene has four alleles.


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AI Glossary - ALICE.

 


ALICE is a decision tree-based Data Mining toolset.

It has a graphical front-end and is intended for end users.



Related Terms:

AC2, 


References:

http://www.alice-soft.com/products/alice.html


~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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AI Glossary - Algorithmic Distribution.

 

 


A probability distribution whose values may be calculated by a function or algorithm that accepts the configuration of the characteristics and, optionally, certain parameters as an input.

A parametric distribution is one in which the distribution is a mathematical function with a "small" number of parameters.


Related Terms:

parametric distribution, tabular distribution


~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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AI Glossary - Algorithm And AI Algorithms.

 



A methodology or procedure for resolving certain issues.


In Artificial Intelligence based systems and applications, an AI algorithm is used. 

An AI algorithm is a subset of machine learning that instructs the computer on how to learn to work independently. 

As a result, the AI system continues to learn in order to optimize procedures and do jobs more quickly.



~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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AI Glossary - Aladdin.

 


In the mid-1990s, Microsoft created and tested a prototype Case Based Reasoning (CBR) system called Aladdin.

 It solved problems with installing Microsoft Windows NT 3.1 and, in a later version, difficulties with Microsoft Word on the Macintosh.

The Aladdin approach was discovered to enable support engineers to give assistance in areas where they had little or no experience in testing.


Related Terms:

Case Based Reasoning



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AI Glossary - AIC Or Akaike Information Criteria.

 


Akaike Information Criteria or the AIC is a data-driven metric for evaluating several models for the same set of data.

It was calculated by taking into account the loss of accuracy in a model when data-based estimations of the model's parameters were substituted for the true values.

A constant term specified by the real model, -2 times the probability for the data given the model, and a constant multiple (2) of the number of parameters in the model make up the equation for this loss.

The first phrase, involving the unknown true model, may be omitted since it enters as a constant (for a given set of data), leaving two known terms to be assessed.

AIC is the sum of a (negative) measure of the model's mistakes plus a positive penalty for the number of parameters in the model, expressed algebraically.

Increasing the model's complexity will increase the AIC only if the fit (as judged by the data's log-likelihood) improves more than the cost of the new parameters.

A group of competing models may be compared by calculating their AIC values and selecting the model with the lowest AIC value, implying that this model is the most similar to the real model.

Unlike traditional statistical methods, this enables for the comparison of models with no shared parameters.


Related Terms:

Kullback-Liebler information measure, Schwartz Information Criteria



~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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AI Glossary - Airty.

 



An object's airty is the total number of objects it contains or accepts.



~ Jai Krishna Ponnappan

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